Ritalin, also known by its generic name methylphenidate, is a prescription medication commonly used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Narcolepsy. It is a central nervous system stimulant that works by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, such as dopamine and norepinephrine. This helps improve focus, attention, and impulse control in individuals with ADHD, allowing them to perform better in various tasks such as school, work, and daily life activities.