Oxycodone is a potent opioid medication used to treat moderate to severe pain when other pain treatments are ineffective. It belongs to the group of narcotic analgesics and acts on the central nervous system to relieve pain. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully when taking oxycodone 10mg to effectively manage pain. Oxycodone comes in various forms: Containing 5mg, 10mg, or 20mg of oxycodone, usually taken 4 to 6 times a day.