Xanax contains alprazolam, which belongs to the benzodiazepines class. It is commonly prescribed to treat anxiety disorders, panic disorders, and, in some cases, short-term relief of anxiety symptoms. Xanax works by amplifying the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. GABA helps by providing a calming effect that promotes relaxation and reduces anxiety.