In summary, an NMOS transistor is characterized by the use of n-type dopants in the gate region, leading to the creation of an inversion layer that enables or disables the flow of current between the source and drain terminals based on the applied gate voltage. This switching capability makes NMOS transistors essential components in digital circuits, serving roles such as amplification, logic operations, and memory storage in various electronic devices.

The 2N4401 transistor stands as a fundamental component in the realm of electronic circuits, renowned for its NPN configuration and versatile applications. This comprehensive guide delves into