Adenoma of the Thyroid A parathyroid nodule, also known as an adenoma, is a benign development within the parathyroid gland. Most people have four glands that work together to tightly regulate their bodies. To treat some disorders, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive surgery that uses high-frequency alternating current to create focalized heat. Thyroid Nodules Contaminated With Toxins A thyroid nodule is an abnormal growth or mass within the thyroid, which is a butterfly-shaped gland found in the front of the throat.